Unival Trees
You are given a binary tree. Return the count of unival sub-trees in the given binary tree. In unival trees, all the nodes, below the root node, have the same value as the data of the root.
For example: for the binary tree, given in the following diagram, the number of unival trees is 5.
Input Format:
The first line of input contains an integer T, the number of test cases.
The next T lines, where each line contains elements in the level order form. The input consists of values of nodes separated by a single space in a single line. In case a node is null, we take -1 on its place.
For example, the input for the tree depicted in the below image would be :
1
2 3
4 -1 5 6
-1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1
Explanation :
Level 1 :
The root node of the tree is 1
Level 2 :
Left child of 1 = 2
Right child of 1 = 3
Level 3 :
Left child of 2 = 4
Right child of 2 = null (-1)
Left child of 3 = 5
Right child of 3 = 6
Level 4 :
Left child of 4 = null (-1)
Right child of 4 = 7
Left child of 5 = null (-1)
Right child of 5 = null (-1)
Left child of 6 = null (-1)
Right child of 6 = null (-1)
Level 5 :
Left child of 7 = null (-1)
Right child of 7 = null (-1)
The first not-null node (of the previous level) is treated as the parent of the first two nodes of the current level. The second not-null node (of the previous level) is treated as the parent node for the next two nodes of the current level and so on.
The input ends when all nodes at the last level are null (-1).
Note :
The above format was just to provide clarity on how the input is formed for a given tree.
The sequence will be put together in a single line separated by a single space. Hence, for the above depicted tree, the input will be given as:
1
1 2 3 4 -1 5 6 -1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Output Format:
For every test case print single line containing an integer i.e the count of unival trees.
Note
You do not need to print anything, it has already been taken care of. Just implement the given function.
Constraints:
1 <= T <= 10
0 <= N <= 10^5
0 <= data <= 10^4, where data is the value for a node.
Time Limit: 1sec
A brute force approach is to traverse all nodes of the tree. For each node, we will calculate the number of unival subtrees recursively from the left and right subtrees of the current node, as count. Now we will check all nodes in the subtree of the current node using the either recursive or iterative method. If all the subnodes have value equals the current node value then we will increment the count.
In this approach, we will count the number of unival subtrees in a bottom-up manner. This means we will calculate the count of unival subtrees from left and right subtrees and also calculate whether they are themselves unival or not. Now for each node to be visited, the tree with root as the current node is unival if and only if both the left and right subtree is unival and the values of left and right child(if exists) should also be equal to the value of the current node. So if these conditions are satisfied we will increment the total count and return this value and a true boolean value to denote the count of unival nodes and that the current node is also unival. Otherwise, we will return the total count(without incrementing) with a false boolean value denoting that the given current subtree is not unival.
